The Passive Optical Network Of Fiber Optic Splitter

Passive Optical Network (PON) optical splitter plays an important role in Fiber to the network by allowing a single PON network interface to be shared among many subscribers. A PON network may be designed with a single optical splitter, or it can have two or more splitters cascaded together. They are the network elements that put the passive in Passive Optical Network and are available in a variety of split ratios, including 1:8, 1:16, and 1:32. These communication networks have enhanced capabilities that can be relied upon to handle high-bandwidth multimedia applications and also prepare the network for growth in the future.
Optical splitters Features
Optical splitters contain no electronics and use no power. An optical splitter is used to divide a single optical fiber into separate strands, for the purpose of routing optical signals to multiple near end or remote locations. The Optical Splitter supports over 7,000 IP voice, data and video network connections to one Ethernet device. Optical Splitters are offered in three different versions; as a cable, as a tabletop enclosure, and as a rack-mountable unit, all of which have superior design and are built from high quality components. The splitter can be deployed in the
Central Office (CO) alongside the OLT, or it may be deployed in an OutSide Plant (OSP) cabinet closer to the subscribers. A splitter can also be deployed in the basement of a building for a Multiple Dwelling Unit (MDU) installation (not shown).
Categories
Optical Splitters are available in configurations from 1×2 to 1×64. There are two basic technologies for building passive optical network splitters: FBT Splitter/Coupler (Fused Biconical Taper) and PLC Splitter (Planar Lightwave Circuit). FBT Coupler is the older technology and generally introduces more loss than the newer PLC splitters, though both PLC splitter and FBT splitters are used in PON networks. FBT attenuation tends to be a bit higher than attenuation from PLC splitters.
FBT Splitter makes two (two or more) fibers removed the coating layer gather in a certain way, stretched to both sides under the heating zone at the same time, form a double cone’s special waveguide structure finally for getting a different splitting ratio via controlling length of the fiber torsion angle and stretch. A FBT splitter is made by wrapping two fiber cores together, putting tension on the optical fibers, and then heating the junction until the two fibers are tapered from the tension and fused together.
PLC Splitter is a micro-optical element using photolithographic techniques to form optical waveguide at medium or semiconductor substrate for realizing branch distribution function. PLC Splitters are installed in each optical network between the PON Optical Line Terminal (OLT) and the Optical Network Terminals (ONTs) that the OLT serves.
Optical splitters are widely used in Networks implementing BPON, GPON, EPON, 10G EPON, and 10G GPON technologies currently.
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